Definition of Cryptology
What is Cryptology?
Cryptology is the art developing a secret code and/or the using code in an encryption system converting information from its normal, comprehensible form into an incomprehensible format, rendering it unreadable without secret knowledge.
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Cryptology
Cryptography: What is secure?
As we moved into the information society, cryptography has become increasingly used to provide security. What is secure today can be broken tomorrow or be broken by "something" or "somehow". This rule could just be the only rule that never changes in the ever-changing game of security. It is thus important for security personals to know more than just applying cryptography blindly. This paper looks at how security is achieved by discussing basic substitution and transposition operations, to get an appreciation of security in cryptography and recommend basic approach to implement cryptography. It is beneficial for readers to have some knowledge on cryptography to follow certain discussions of the paper.
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An Overview of Cryptographic Hash Functions and Their Uses
To understand the viability of using hash functions to verify integrity and source of information, one must first examine the properties and origin of the basic hash function. The standard hash function serves as a basis for the discussion of Cryptographic Hash Functions. There are several hash functions currently in use today, including MD5 and SHA1. By examining the history and security available in each function, the user can determine which algorithm is best suited for their application.
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A Consumer Guide for Personal File and Disk Encryption Programs
Encryption products are becoming a popular solution to maintain the confidentiality of digital information. Most encryption programs provide a wide range of features. For the average personal computer user, trying to understand and identify whether an encryption program is needed, and if so, which features they need can make choosing an encryption product a very frustrating task. This guide will give you the knowledge to select an encryption product that matches your needs.
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Is the future of cryptography in qubits
While quantum computer algorithms threaten the future of classical cryptography, One-time pads can still offer security even in the presence of key cracking quantum computers, but the key distribution problem would have to be over come. In a beautiful irony, quantum computers may break current cryptography but quantum mechanics also offer hope to cryptography in quantum key distribution.
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The mathematics behind the security features that the computing industry takes for granted
Throughout this paper I aim to explain mathematical/encryption concepts that are fundamental to security as it was in the past, as it is today and my vision for the future. I shall explain and in some cases actually prove how this theory is applied. Many computing professionals may well have heard of the RSA or the DES algorithm and may even frequently use GUI's (Graphical User Interfaces) to encrypt/decrypt data but may be unaware of the beauty of the mathematics behind it. Without documents like this, the comparatively unprofitable world of mathematical cryptography will not receive the human investment needed to push the boundaries of this frontier. I believe that whilst writing about this subject I must pay tribute to the heroes who founded it. Most importantly I will concentrate on a real world example and go from (or at least close to) the axioms taken for granted right through to the final application.
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Appropriate Use of Network Encryption Technologies
This paper will describe virtual private networks and other network encryption technologies such as secure sockets layer - what they are, and what protections they provide. Equally important, this paper will also examine the flipside; namely, what network encryption cannot provide; how one can actually compromise overall security through poor implementation; and measures one can take to minimize these risks. The necessity of defense in depth will be emphasized throughout.
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S-Box Modifications and Their Effect in DES-like Encryption Systems
This paper presents the substitution boxes (s-boxes) found in many block ciphers, and more specifically in DES-like encryption systems. It begins with a brief history of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) and the first public question on the chosen s-boxes. An outline of the DES algorithm is presented, along with a more detailed look of the cipher function that uses the s-boxes. The major methods of cryptanalysis are reviewed, including how they use the s-boxes for their attacks, and how the risk can be mitigated by alternate schemes. Potential changes to s-boxes described, as well as how these changes may or may not strengthen DES-like encryption systems. Finally, there is a brief example of how some researchers underwent rigorous DES-like s-box construction testing.
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History of Encryption
Encryption, process of converting messages, information, or data into a form unreadable by anyone except the intended recipient. Encrypted data must be deciphered, or decrypted, before it can be read by the recipient. The root of the word encryption-crypt-comes from the Greek word kryptos, meaning hidden or secret. In its earliest form, people have been attempting to conceal certain information that they wanted to keep to their own possession by substituting parts of the information with symbols, numbers and pictures, this paper highlights in chronology the history of Cryptography throughout centuries.
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Attacks on PGP: A Users Perspective
The focus of this paper is to inform users of the practical and theoretical strategies that may be used in an attempt to compromise PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), potentially exposing the contents of a PGP encrypted message to an attacker. This paper will also recommend various countermeasures that can enhance a user's ability to defend themselves against some of the more realistic threats facing the use of Pretty Good Privacy. All countermeasures recommended in this paper may vary according to the specific system in place, the threat model associated with the organization and the level of sensitivity of the data being protected.
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PGP for Everyday Use
As an encryption program, PGP has become a common tool for everyday encryption and security. Its use allow for simple, easy and fairly complete verification and encryption of files and messages. There are many versions of PGP and many different tools for a wide variety of operating systems. This paper will also show briefly what PGP is, where to get PGP from and what the differences are between the versions. It will also address how to use PGP for everyday tasks such as e-mail signing and encryption along with file encryption and signature verification. This will include simple key management, verification of files and verification of signatures. A general understanding of how encryption works would be helpful, but is not required.
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