Definition of Cryptology
What is Cryptology?
Cryptology is the art developing a secret code and/or the using code in an encryption system converting information from its normal, comprehensible form into an incomprehensible format, rendering it unreadable without secret knowledge.
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Cryptology
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The Hidden Root Problem
In this paper we study a novel computational problem called the Hidden Root Problem, which appears naturally when considering fault attacks on pairing based cryptosystems. Furthermore, a variant of this problem is one of the main obstacles for efficient pairing inversion. We present an algorithm to solve this problem over extension fields and investigate for which parameters the algorithm becomes practical.
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Identification and Privacy: Zero-Knowledge is Not Enough
At first glance, privacy and zero-knowledgeness seem to be similar properties. A scheme is private when no information is revealed on the prover and in a zero-knowledge scheme, communications should not leak provers' secrets. Until recently, privacy threats were only partially formalized and some zero-knowledge (ZK) schemes have been proposed so far to ensure privacy. We here explain why the intended goal is not reached. Following the privacy model proposed by Vaudenay at Asiacrypt 2007, we then reconsider the analysis of these schemes and thereafter introduce a general framework to modify identification schemes leading to different levels of privacy. Our new protocols can be useful, for instance, for identity documents, where privacy is a great issue.
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AnonAccess
This paper gives an overview of the AnonAccess-system, which tries to provide access to users which may be known by name, pseudonym or a shared pseudonym, to a given functionality (ex. open a door). The shared pseudonym access feature is tried to be extended and implemented in such a way that it can be claimed to be anonymous.
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Strongly Unforgeable ID-based Signatures
In 1984, Shamir [17] introduced the concept of ID-based cryptosystem, in which the private key of an entity was generated from his identity information (e.g. an e-mail address, a telephone number, etc.) and a master key of a trusted third party called a Private Key Generator (PKG). The advantage of this cryptosystem is that certificates as used in a traditional public key infrastructure can be eliminated.
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The Encrypted Elliptic Curve Hash
In this paper, we remove such a reliance by replacing the pre-existing hash with a block cipher under a fixed key. We adapt Bellare and Micciancio’s collision-resistance proof to the ideal cipher model. Preimage resistance requires us to add a further modification.
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Securing Wireless Sensor Networks with Authenticated Encryption
Sensor networks offer economically viable monitoring solutions for a wide variety of applications. In order to combat the security threats that sensor networks are exposed to, a cryptography protocol is implemented at sensor nodes for point-to-point encryption between nodes. Disclosure, disruption and deception threats can be defeated by authenticating data sources as well as encrypting data in transmission. Given that nodes have limited resources, symmetric cryptography that is proven to be efficient for low power devices is implemented. Data protection is integrated into a sensor’s packet by the means of symmetric encryption with the Dragon stream cipher and incorporating the newly designed Dragon-MAC Message Authentication Code.
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Security Pitfalls in Cryptography
A cryptographic system can only be as strong as the encryption algorithms, digital signature algorithms, one-way hash functions, and message authentication codes it relies on. Break any of them, and you've broken the system. And just as it's possible to build a weak structure using strong materials, it's possible to build a weak cryptographic system using strong algorithms and protocols.
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Cryptography - The myths
You may wonder why cryptography is so important and the people need to study more about it. We will learn more about the cryptography and the awareness that every information specialist should know about cryptography and its importance. Cryptography - is the study of mathematical techniques related to the aspects of information security such as confidentiality, data integrity, authentication and data origination. We are going to see the history and science of cryptography. The science behind every form of security, authentication mechanisms, information or data safety, in our words, information security and what not. The reason is, whichever operating system you use, whatever programs or authentication systems you deploy, the actual strength of the system to withstand attacks against possible ways depends highly on the underlying cryptosystem.
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TinyPBC: Pairings for Authenticated Identity-Based Non-Interactive Key Distribution in Sensor Networks
Key distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is challenging. Symmetric cryptosystems can perform it efficiently, but they often do not provide a perfect trade-off between resilience and storage. Further, even though conventional public key and elliptic curve cryptosystem are computationally feasible on sensor nodes, protocols based on them are not. They require exchange and storage of large keys and certificates, which is expensive. Using Pairing-based Cryptography (PBC) protocols, conversely, parties can agree on keys without any interaction. In this work, we show how security in WSNs can be bootstrapped using an authenticated identity-based non-interactive protocol and present TinyPBC, to our knowledge, the most efficient implementation of PBC primitives for an 8-bit processor.
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